<p>The John M. Stone Cotton Mill is a building in Starkville, Mississippi listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1902, it was a cotton mill named for John Marshall Stone. It was renamed the E.E. Cooley Building after being purchased by Mississippi State University in 1965; afterward, the building was used for almost fifty years to house the university&#39;s physical plant. The building reopened in 2015 as an event center named The Mill at MSU.</p><br>
<p>Tauy Jones Hall is the oldest surviving building on the Ottawa University campus at 10th and Cedar Streets in Ottawa, Kansas and has a copper roofed cupola at its peak. The building was named after John Tecumseh “Tauy” Jones, who was of half Chippewa heritage and served as an interpreter for the Pottawatomie.</p><br>
<p>Emerson & Plank began construction of the building in 1866 under President Isaac Smith Kalloch. Construction was completed in 1869.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 14, 1982.</p><br>
<p>Tauy Jones Hall is currently home to "the Chancellor&#39;s Office, Human Resources Department, Finance Department, Marketing Department, and the Office of University Advancement."</p><br>
<p>Carroll City-Mount Olivet Cemetery is a historic site located in Carroll, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Carroll City, as Carroll was originally known, established a cemetery southeast of the central business district and south of the railroad tracks in the early 1870s. It was maintained by the local chapter of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and a part-time city employee. Little else is known about the cemeterys early years. An orchard between the city and Catholic cemeteries was acquired by the city in 1933 for use by the city cemetery. The following year Ray Wyrick, a Des Moines landscape engineer, presented a plan to redevelop the cemetery. In addition to design work and plantings, the plan included updating the cemeterys rules and regulations to make it self-supporting. He was hired by the city to carry-out the work over five years. Workers were provided through the Works Progress Administration (WPA).</p><br>
<p>In the mid-1870s St. Josephs was established as the first Catholic parish in Carroll. They established a parish cemetery south of the city cemetery in 1876. In 1885, Saints Peter and Paul Parish was created for German speaking Catholics. They established their own cemetery south of St. Joseph Cemetery the following year. It was expanded to the west in 1927. St. Joseph and Saints Peter and Paul Cemeteries became known as the Catholic Cemetery of Carroll. In 1954, they merged and were renamed Mount Olivet Cemetery. In 1970, the cemeterys deed was transferred to the City of Carroll.</p><br>
<h2>Features</h2><br>
<p>The City Cemetery features a stone wall capped with an wrought iron fence that was built by the WPA in 1936. The gates were created by Gate City Iron Works of Des Moines. Three above-ground crypts were added between 1955 and 2014. There are also war memorials from the American Civil War onward.</p><br>
<p>A variety of grave marker styles are employed throughout the cemetery. Obelisks are prominent in Section 1 of the original City Cemetery. Large die, base, and cap granite and marble markers are found in the older sections of the cemetery. Pedestal markers are located in the older sections of both cemeteries. In the Catholic cemetery, the pedestal markers are often capped with a cross. In other sections they are capped with vaulted tops, urns, books, or figures. Some markers have inscriptions in German. There are markers that are stone carved to look like logs or tree trunks. There are also stone benches and metal crosses. Two grave markers in the Catholic section incorporate concrete kneelers. Three family plots are marked with large boulders with metal plaques. Other markers include "chest tombs, cruciforms, round columns or pillars, bolsters (stone cylinders) on footings; four polished granite ledger slabs, and one ledger slab covered with tiles." The markers in the Potter&#39;s field sections are simple, horizontal stone markers.</p><br>
<p>The Carpenter Building, historically the Carpenter Hotel or Hotel Carpenter and known colloquially as The Carpenter, is a historic building at 221 South Phillips Avenue in downtown Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Originally serving as a hotel from 1912 to 1966, it is now used for retail and apartment space. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>As one of the earliest hotels in Sioux Falls, the Carpenter Hotel contributed significantly to the city&#39;s early commercial growth. The nearby wooden Cataract Hotel was by this time notorious for having burned down twice by 1912, and new accommodations were needed. Frances G. Carpenter decided to build a new hotel out of sturdier material; indeed, early advertisements stressed that it was fireproof. Joseph Schwartz, who designed several other buildings in Sioux Falls and the surrounding area, was hired to design the hotel. The total cost of construction was $250,000. After its opening on October 15, 1912, the hotel became very successful, accommodating prominent visitors and hosting frequent events in its ground-floor dining room and ballroom. Notable guests during this period included Katharine Hepburn, Jimmy Dorsey, Bob Hope, and Benny Goodman. The Sioux Falls KSOO radio station had its first office in the hotel from 1926 to 1937. Sheraton Hotels and Resorts acquired the hotel in 1956 and carried out major renovations.</p><br>
<p>However, in 1966, Sheraton sold the building to Nettleton College, a local business school, for use as a dormitory; during this period, it was named Nettleton Manor. In 1983, it was sold to a private owner and was converted into retail and office spaces. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1986, due to its history as a commercial center and its early 20th century architectural integrity. Today, the building hosts several retail shops and the upper floors have been converted into apartments. The ballroom is used for special occasions.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The six-story Carpenter Building is a simple rectangular building in the Early Commercial style, later remodeled into a Moderne influence. It is built out of brown bricks and concrete and sits on a stone foundation. The cornice, which sits just below the sandstone parapet, is made out of pressed tin molded into scrolls. Decorative brickwork and sandstone inclusions span the buildings front façade. Sandstone belts, some set with box decorations, surround the windows and divide the first three floors. A smaller, three-story addition sits on the north side of the main building and is styled in a similar fashion. Much of the interior is the result of Harold Spitznagels extensive remodel in 1940 and involves elements of early Moderne architecture. The main lobby and staircase are encased in marble, and the lobby bathroom is decorated in its original green Vitrolight.</p><br>
<p>The Presentation Children&#39;s Home is a historic building at 701 South Western Avenue in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Built to replace an earlier orphanage in Turton that burned down, it functioned not only as an orphanage—one of the few in South Dakota—but also as a school from its opening in 1940 to its closure in 1966. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Background and founding</h3><br>
<p>Beginning in 1924, orphans in eastern South Dakota had been homed at the Little Flower orphanage and school in Turton, 160 mi north of Sioux Falls. However, when this orphanage burned down in March 1932, but the situation was again temporary, and the former Columbus College building in Sioux Falls hosted the children beginning on July 16, 1934.</p><br>
<p>The Presentation Order of Sisters had, by 1938, appealed to the Works Progress Administration (WPA) for aid to build a permanent orphanage; and in 1938, the City of Sioux Falls in conjunction with the WPA granted the Sisters land rights to the corner of Western Avenue and 15th Street for 99 years. Local architectural firm Hugill & Blatherwick designed the building, and WPA workers provided the labor. The WPA and City of Sioux Falls donated half of the estimated cost—$20,000—to the cause, and the Presentation Order of Sisters held multiple charity drives over the next year to match this amount and complete construction. Struggle to raise these funds during the Great Depression caused completion to be delayed much longer than originally intended</p><br>
<p>construction lasted from November 10, 1938, to July 26, 1940. Additionally, the city later reduced the contract time from 99 to only 15 years and set a monthly maximum of $20 to be allocated to the care of each child, when cost was not covered by the Presentation Order themselves. The name "Presentation Children&#39;s Home" was officially adopted on November 6, 1939. The orphanage officially opened on September 15, 1940.</p><br>
<h3>Operation</h3><br>
<p>Anywhere from a few dozen to over 100 children were housed at Presentation Children&#39;s Home at any one time. The numbers of children hosted there fluctuated according to need. An August 1944 report disclosed that 40 children were then at the home, but throughout 1943, 67 children had stayed there. The building initially claimed that it allowed for a capacity of 150; however, in 1948 and 1955, the home reported that it housed 85 children and was operating at capacity with "a long waiting list".</p><br>
<p>Although the home was run by the Catholic Church, at its opening, about 45% of resident children were from non-Catholic families; with a few exceptions, such as when deemed necessary by the board to host a younger child to keep a family together. The home provided not just shelter but also education; classes were held at 9 a.m. and lasted until 3:30 p.m., with a break for lunch. The home also had both Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts troops. Every December, the homes children put on a Christmas pageant for the public, to thank them for that years support.</p><br>
<p>Various local organizations donated funds and supplies to the Presentation Childrens Home over the years of its operation. The South Dakota American Legion frequently held toy drives and other charity events for both the Presentation and South Dakota Childrens Homes. These included the Sioux Falls Elks Lodge, Knights of Columbus, Junior Chamber of Commerce, Disabled American Veterans, Catholic Daughters of the Americas, El Riad Shriners, John Morrell & Company, and the Otakuye Club of the Young Womens Christian Association. Additionally, the Presentation Childrens Home was one of several organizations supported by Sioux Falls&#39;s "Community Chest" initiative and, later, the United Fund, which both raised funds for local charities and agencies.</p><br>
<h3>Closing and later history</h3><br>
<p>By the mid-1960s, enrollment at the home was waning, and the organization was having difficulty finding qualified carers for the children. In 1966, the Presentation Sisters decided the orphanage was no longer needed, and the announcement to close it was made on August 1. The home officially closed on September 2 of that year and the Presentation Sisters entered talks with the city to repurpose the building for education. That October, the Sioux Falls Board of Education decided to use the building as additional classroom space to support overflow from other Sioux Falls schools. It was later used as a college building for the Southeastern Vocational Technical Institute.</p><br>
<p>On February 10, 1993, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its architecture and as a product of the Works Progress Administration.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Presentation Childrens Home employs elements of Collegiate Gothic architecture, a subcategory of Gothic Revival architecture. It sits on a concrete foundation at the corner of South Western Avenue and 15th Street in central Sioux Falls and faces east. Originally laid out in an H-pattern, its side wings protrude out past its main body. It is three stories tall; the first floors exterior is encased in eight-course concrete blocks, while the second and third stories are crafted from bonded red bricks up to its concrete-capped parapet. The main entrance protrudes from the front façade; an arched doorway leads to a set of recessed doors, above which is a block of concrete carved with circular motifs. The concrete extends up to the second-floor windows and double as sills; those windows on the third story have separate thin concrete sills. The simple rectangular windows are symmetrical on each face. Pillars extend up the corners of the building&#39;s faces and feature triangular concrete buttresses at the bottom of each floor. Built on a hill, the building has two entrances; the back entrance on its west side is actually the basement. Additionally, a concrete retaining wall runs along the east and north sides of the yard, interspersed with Sioux quartzite columns capped in more concrete. The western face includes two extensions as well as a brick chimney. Its flat roof is made of tar and gravel.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the building was divided up into two wings and a connecting corridor. It contained 93 rooms, including five classrooms, two dormitories, a chapel, an infirmary, a laundry, a library, a kitchen, three dining rooms, several offices. The basement contained a playroom that was used when the weather was not adequate for outside recess; otherwise, the children were allowed to play outside on over 80 acre of yard area. The rooms were simple in design and decor, including the chapel, which contained statuettes of Mother Mary and Saint Joseph.</p><br>
<p>The Tauy Jones House in Ottawa, Kansas is a historic building that was the home of John Tecumseh “Tauy” Jones, who was of half Chippewa heritage and served as an interpreter for the Pottawatomie, a leader and minister for the Ottawa tribe, a friend of John Brown, and a co-founder of Ottawa University."Jones, John Tecumseh </p><br>
<p>" https://khri.kansasgis.org/photos_docs/059-0000-00001_8.pdf</p><br>
<p>The sandstone house was built in 1863 to 1867 on the site of Tauy Jones&#39; 1843 log trading post and hotel which was destroyed by pro-slavery arsonists in 1856 who were attempting to kill Jones. The stone was quarried near Fort Scott, Kansas and transported by wagon. John Brown often stayed nearby in the grove on the other side of the creek. There were unverified legends that the house was a stop on the Underground Railroad and that Abraham Lincoln slept at the house, however, it is verified Horace Greeley did visit the Jones family.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 19, 1972.</p><br>
<p>L.D. Miller Funeral Home, commonly known as the Miller Funeral Home, is a historic building at 507 South Main Avenue in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In either 1902 or 1903, Lee D. Miller established his funeral home and a livery barn on South Main Avenue in Sioux Falls. In 1923, Miller hired local architectural firm Perkins & McWayne to build a new, larger facility on the property, as Miller had just incorporated two other local funeral homes—Burnside Funeral Home and Joseph Nelson Funeral Home—into his. Millers wife was the first woman embalmer to be licensed in the state of South Dakota and worked with him at the funeral home. On August 18, 1983, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places for its architectural significance and contributions to Sioux Falls economy.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Perkins & McWayne designed the building in the Mission Revival architectural style. As the business needed a large, wide space to accommodate its facilities and funeral services, the result was a two-story-tall rectangular floor plan measuring 81 by. Its exterior is encased in white stucco laid over masonry. There are numerous Spanish Colonial Revival decorative elements, including a frieze consisting of a painted belt and rectangular accents between the brackets that support its red ceramic tile mansard roof. Red awnings shelter the building&#39;s street-facing arched doorways. The windows on the first floor are arched, while the second-floor windows are rectangular. A large chimney sits at the rear of the building. Inside, the service chapel contains a stained glass skylight.</p><br>
<p>Civilian Conservation Corp Camp F-10, also called the Rockerville Civilian Conservation Corp Camp, is a historic district on Silver Mountain Road, 15 mi southwest of Rapid City, South Dakota. Between 1933 and 1935, it functioned as a base camp for Civilian Conservation Corps  workers who were employed on multiple construction and forestry projects in the area during the Great Depression. The camp was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004; three buildings and the remains of a fireplace are included in the listing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) operated in South Dakota during the Great Depression, building and maintaining structures and government property across the state. Temporary camps were constructed to accommodate the thousands of workers that passed through the program. The Rockerville area was chosen as a temporary base of operations for CCC Company 1794, who were mostly employed in Black Hills forestry maintenance for the United States Forest Service. Taska included bridge and dam construction, tree thinning, campsite and trail maintenance, and firefighting. The first camp buildings, including two officers cabins and a hospital, were erected in 1933. Early CCC camps were usually log structures created from surrounding lumber and resources; by 1934, however, the federal government had introduced prefabricated parts to CCC campsite construction. This allowed buildings to easily be dismantled and moved to a new campsite or to be reused somewhere else. The camp eventually included 17 structures: four barracks that could sleep 50 men each, a recreation hall, mess hall, kitchen and cooks barracks, a bathhouse, blacksmithing shop, garage, storage cabins, a water tower, and the aforementioned officers&#39; cabins and hospital. Up to 175 men were stationed at Camp F-10 at its most populous.</p><br>
<p>In May 1935, Company 1794 was scheduled to be incorporated into Company 791, who were at that time based at Camp F-22 at Summit Peak. The Rockerville camp was abandoned—buildings that could be dismantled were taken with the company for use in the new camp—and sat unused for decades, causing most of the remaining structures to crumble. Today, only three log buildings stand: two officers&#39; cabins and the hospital, plus a fireplace ruin that was once part of the mess hall. On January 28, 2004, a triangular historic district encompassing the surviving structures was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The site is now on private property.</p><br>
<p>Rapid City Fruit Company is a historic commercial building at 320 7th Street in Rapid City, South Dakota. It was built in 1920 and was the first refrigerated warehouse in the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Rapid City Fruit Company was founded in 1920 by C. A. Nesbit and Claude E. Gray. Nesbit, a rancher from nearby Fairburn, sold his ranch to focus on the fruit business. Both Nesbit and Gray had also previously been grocers; Gray was then president of the Black Hills Wholesale Grocery. Incorporated in September 1920, its starting capital was $100,000. The building was completed and opened in May 1921 with Roy Wortman as its manager. Located in the warehouse district near the railroad, the company&#39;s building was a major regional produce distribution hub and was the first refrigerated cold storage building in Rapid City. Wortman resigned in 1923 and Clyde W. Stewart, a salesman with the Black Hills Wholesale Grocery, took over his role.</p><br>
<p>Even after the fruit company disbanded—the date of which is unknown due to lack of records, but is estimated to be 1935—the building itself was still used as a warehouse for several decades. From 1936 to 1960, it was a warehouse for a local tobacco company. Between 1962 and 1982, it served as a warehouse for the Barber Company and Black Hills Warehouse Inc. for ten years after that, it housed wholesale businesses. Today, it is still used as a commercial building.</p><br>
<p>On December 9, 1993, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places for its importance to the economic history of Rapid City, and for its well-preserved commercial architecture. A $5,800 grant allocated by the South Dakota State Historical Society from gambling profits in Deadwood funded minor restoration works in 1997.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Rapid City Fruit Company building is a one-story rectangular building at the corner of 7th and Apolda Streets and faces south. It measures 98 by and includes a basement that was used as cold storage. The Portland cement bricks used to construct it were provided by a partnership between Rapid City Brick and Tile Company and Garland Construction. The main entrance is elevated above street level and accessed by two staircases. Two brick columns on the west face divide that side into three bays, which were originally used as docking areas and now separate the businesses that occupy the building. Above each bay is a green lintel decorated with rosette-shaped tie coverings. Windows are simple rectangular openings. Original plans left space for a second story to be added, but this was never carried out. Brickwork is also present inside, in the form of brick cornices along the western wall and crowning a central elevator shaft. This Otis Elevator was used to move produce between the lower cold storage and upper loading floors. When in use, the basement was filled with ice and insulated by sawdust. Upon its otherwise flat roof sits a cupola that houses the elevator mechanism. A lean-to was added to the eastern side of the building in the mid-20th century but had been removed by 1986.</p><br>
<p>The Gina Smith Campbell Bathhouse, also known as the Dell Rapids City Park Bathhouse, is a historic building in Dell Rapids City Park in Dell Rapids, South Dakota. It sits on the banks of the Big Sioux River and served a popular bathing beach in the early 19th century. In 1986, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>At the turn of the century, the City of Dell Rapids began drawing up plans for a public park along the Big Sioux River. This park was completed and opened in 1913. A bathing beach was also added at this time, for which Gina Smith Campbell had raised the funds to construct. This beach was widely popular, drawing thousands of visitors from across the region to the park every year. Early bathhouses at the park were temporary wooden structures. the bathhouse has survived and now functions as a covered picnic shelter. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 13, 1986, for its architectural detail and its association with the Civil Works Administration.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The bathhouse is a one-story Sioux quartzite building in the Romanesque Revival architectural style. It has two arched entryways on its north and south faces that lead into the main body, which measures 32 by. Above the entrances on both sides are bullseye-style and rectangular openings and decorative stone lintels. Originally, it had no roof, but the top of the main body has now been covered with fiberglass to shelter the picnic area underneath; two flanking wings, both measuring 28 by, remain open-air. These wings also have simple rectangular entryways. All of the original furnishings and facilities have been stripped out and the building only has picnic tables.</p><br>
<p>The James Henry and Ida Owen Mays House, in Gooding County, Idaho near Wendell, Idaho, was built in 1920 as a one-story house and was expanded to one-and-a-half stories by 1924. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. It was deemed significant for association with James Henry Mays , who was active in commercial development of the south-central Idaho area, and who served as a USA Congressman from the state of Utah during 1914 to 1920. Mays began acquiring property along the Snake River in Idaho in 1913 and built this house, overlooking the Snake River, as a secondary residence to his official residence in Utah.</p><br>
<p>The house is a one-and-a-half-story Craftsman-style bungalow with elements of Classical Revival architecture in its details, including in its porches&#39; columns. It was built as a one-story structure. An upper half-story, porches, and a lean-to section were added by 1924, completing its form that still stood in 1993. It has a hipped roof and its exterior basalt rock walls rest upon a basalt rock foundation.</p><br>
<p>It is a rectangular building with a full-length wrap-around porch on its south and west sides, and a full-length, enclosed porch on its east side.</p><br>
<p>According to its NRHP nomination:The James Henry and Ida Owen Mays house is eligible under criterion B as the only surviving property associated with James Mays role in the commercial development of the area. Mays endeavors, which included fruit raising, dairying and recreational use of the Snake River canyon area of south-central Idaho, typified early exploitation of the river for commercial and recreational purposes. His establishment of a fish hatchery at Crystal Springs, the first of its kind in the area, marked a shortlived, but significant effort which demonstrated the commercial potential of the hatchery business. The impact of the hatchery is still felt in the present commercial and recreational development of fish hatcheries by private and state entities.</p><br>
<p>Mays had a varied life and two wives:Mays was born in Tennessee in 1868. As a young man, he travelled to Kansas, attended Kansas State Normal School, and later graduated from the University of Michigan law school (Bachelor of Laws, 1895 and Master of Laws, 1896). In addition to practicing law, Mays also sold life insurance and at various times lived in Chicago, Illinois; Dubuque, Iowa; and Indianapolis, Indiana. In 1902, Mays and his first wife, Sarah Elizabeth Randels, moved to Salt Lake City, Utah where they raised their five children. He found extensive coal deposits in Utah and was prominently involved with the USA Fuel Company, his primary source of income. Mays apparently continued to travel to the Midwest and about 1911 met Mrs. Ida Owen in Chicago, with whom he fathered seven additional children. Mays was elected a Democratic congressman from Utah in 1914, 1916, and 1918. Ida Owen and her children lived with Mays in Washington, D.C. while Sarah Elizabeth remained in Salt Lake City with her children. He did not run for re-election in 1920. He seems to have continued to claim residency in Utah; in fact, one daughter recalls that at the time of his death, he was planning to run for governor of Utah. The Idaho ranch seems to have been developed as a secondary residence and recreational get-away for himself and as a home for Ida and their children. Mays and Sarah Elizabeth divorced in 1924. Mays died at the ranch house on April 19, 1926 and was buried in the Gooding, Idaho cemetery.</p><br>
<p>Mays died at the ranch house following a stroke on April 19, 1926. His remains were buried in the Gooding Cemetery in Gooding, Idaho.</p><br>
<p>The house is located in south-central Idaho on "a grassy terrace" within the Snake River canyon, on the northern bank overlooking the river, about 1.2 mi west of Niagara Springs, Idaho.</p><br>
<p>In 2018, it was still listed by the Idaho State Historical Society as a resource having historic integrity.</p><br>
<p>In 2022, however, the house may no longer exist, as satellite imagery appears either a) not to show the house at its former location at all, or b) to show the house as a modified building with a simple roof.</p><br>
<p>The Museum of the Great Plains, in Leoti, Kansas, in Wichita County, Kansas, is a local history museum founded in 1982. It includes the 1892-built Washington-Ames House. It is located in the Municipal Auditorium and City Hall, at 201 N. 4th St., which was built during 1939-42.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>It was deemed "significant for its association with the Works Progress/Projects Administration (WPA) and as an excellent example of WPA Moderne architecture in western Kansas. The building served as city hall, fire department, municipal auditorium, and meeting hall for the American Legion. 10 In the early 1980s, the city of Leoti gave the building to the Wichita County Historical Society, which has operated the Museum of the Great Plains out of this building since 1983. Due to its association with the New Deal, this building is nominated to the National Register of Historic Places</p><br>
<p>under the New Deal-era Resources of Kansas MPS as an example of the Civic property type."</p><br>
<p>It was built of native limestone and poured-in-place concrete.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Lindo, at 116 W. Liberty St. in Covington, Tennessee, was built in 1901. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>It is about 60x98 ft in plan. It is unusual for having two projecting corner towers, one circular and Romanesque in style, and one rectangular. The circular one was formerly topped with a domed roof; the rectangular one was topped with a hipped roof; these were both removed in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The interesting roofs can be seen in historic postcard image.</p><br>
<p>The Tipton County Courthouse is across the street and down, within view.</p><br>
<p>The Osborne Public Carnegie Library is a historic Carnegie library in Osborne, Kansas. It was built around 1913 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>It is located at Third and Main in Osborne, the county seat of Osborne County.</p><br>
<p>It is Classical Revival in style, and is a one-story ted brick building built upon a raised limestone block foundation. It has a ridge hipped roof with its “original pantiles and ridge caps.” It is 46x32 ft in plan, not including its projecting entryway flanked by two Ionic columns.</p><br>
<p>It served as the town&#39;s public library from 1912 to 1995, and later, including in 2022, has served as a regional history and genealogical library operated by the Osborne County Genealogical and Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The Sioux Falls Light and Power Hydro Electric Plant, formerly the Northern States Power Building, is a historic building in Falls Park in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Originally built as a hydroelectric power plant on the Big Sioux River, it now houses the Falls Overlook Cafe. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>At the turn of the 20th century, Sioux Falls had begun to experiment with electricity, initially in the form of commercial and street lighting in the downtown area. At this time, electricity was not widespread and was only very rarely used in residences and most businesses. Electric lampposts had been installed in downtown Sioux Falls in 1887 and were operated by the gas-based Cascade Milling Company until 1905, at which time the city cancelled their contact, sparking a battle amongst local companies over the rights to acquire their operation, and whether their electricity should be privatized at all or instead come from the city. After a legal battle that reached the South Dakota Supreme Court, the city went with Bennett/Sioux Falls Electric Light and Power Company to power the lamps, which was cancelled in 1907 over "poor performance".</p><br>
<p>The Sioux Falls Light and Power Company was founded in 1905 by Eugene Coughran, with the intent of using hydroelectric power from the Big Sioux River and creating a dam on Lake Poinsett. Backed by local investors and media, it acquired the Queen Bee Mill (by that time already disused) and the Cascade Mill Company power plant. Construction on the new hydroelectric plant building was finished in 1908. In 1911, the new plant began offering its services publicly, expanding to farms, businesses, and houses. It also supplied the energy needed to power the city&#39;s trolley transportation system, for which it installed three new generators between 1910 and 1917. The Sioux Falls Light and Power Company changed its name to Consumers Power Company in 1914 and again to the Northern States Power Company. By 1914, public support was again on the rise for a municipal-based electricity plant; and by 1920, the city had secured the funding to expand their small 1901 power plant to be able to accommodate widespread distribution.</p><br>
<p>On February 3, 1993, the Sioux Falls Light and Power Hydro Electric Plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its important role in the industrial history of Sioux Falls. The industrial fittings were removed and the space was renovated to be used as a public restaurant, the Falls Overlook Cafe.</p><br>
<h2>Location and architecture</h2><br>
<p>Located in Falls Park on the Big Sioux River in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, it is situated just downstream of the Sioux Falls. It is a short distance north of the Queen Bee Mill ruins.</p><br>
<p>The hydroelectric plant sits on a poured concrete foundation, atop a natural outcropping of Sioux quartzite, about 40 feet above the riverbank. Its walls are made of rough-hewn Sioux quartzite blocks. It is one story with a gable roof, above which the main east and west faces of the building rise, creating a false front effect. Both faces are divided into three bays, with one large central door with two rectangular windows to each side and a circular window above it. The side walls (the north and south faces) have five bays each. Several additions to the building were made after its construction but all have since been demolished, and the original building is the only one that still exists today. A patch of lighter quartzite on the building&#39;s southern face is evidence of one demolished extension.</p><br>
<p>Falls Overlook Cafe.jpgFalls Overlook Cafe</p><br>
<p>The Falls Overlook Cafe is housed inside the 1908 Sioux Falls Light & Power Co. hydroelectric plant.jpgThe Falls Overlook Cafe is housed inside the 1908 Sioux Falls Light & Power Co. hydroelectric plant</p><br>
<p>Lewis House and Medical Office, also known as the Henning Landmark Center, is a historic building located in Henning, Minnesota, United States. It is significant because of its association with rural medicine in the 20th century. Dr. A.J. Lewis acquired the property in 1911 from Dr. McCoy, whose practice he presumably took over. Lewis and his wife Clara moved into the house and he saw patients there. They built the present two-story, brick, Prairie School residence in 1914 on the same property. Once this house was completed the old house was moved to a different lot in town. Lewis continued to see patients in his residence in addition to making house calls. The porch was enclosed in 1928 after Dr. James Vail was added to the practice. Vail left to join the United States Navy in 1942. Four years later, A.J. and Claras son, Dr. Charles Lewis, joined the practice. When Dr. Jay Kevern joined the Lewis in 1948, the Modern-style addition was completed. Kevern provided ophthalmology services and Dr. Vernon Johnson had a dental practice on the lower level. The facility became a multi-discipline medical practice. The medical doctors here also had privileges at the hospital in Wadena, Minnesota. Dr. A.J. Lewis continued to practice medicine here until he died in 1962. His wife Clara died in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Charles Lewis sold the practice and house to Dr. Jon Wigert, who lived here and continued the practice until 1990 when Tri-County Hospital in Wadena built a new medical facility a block away. The Espeland family provided the funds to buy and renovate this facility for the City of Henning. The Landmark Center opened in 2009. Meetings, retreats, and other functions are held on the main floor of the residence and the second-floor bedrooms are used for over-night accommodations. The 1948 addition houses offices, meeting space, and a museum. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2021. A two-stall garage (c. 1920) is also a part of the historic designation.</p><br>
<p>Fergus Falls station is a historic building located in Fergus Falls, Minnesota, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022 as the Northern Pacific Depot.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Railway, later known as the Great Northern Railway, was the first railroad to reach Fergus Falls in 1879. George B. Wright, who developed the city, continued to lobby the Northern Pacific Railway to come here and they arrived in 1882. Its first depot was located on the site of the present building. The wood-frame structure suffered two fires with the second fire destroying it in 1892. The second depot at this location was also a wood-frame building that was destroyed in fire in 1903. A third frame depot was completed the same year and it was destroyed in the 1919 Fergus Falls tornado.</p><br>
<p>The present brick Neoclassical depot was completed in 1920. The combination passenger and freight depot was built on the location of the former freight depot. It was a larger facility than any other of the previous depots in Fergus Falls, which suggests the increase in business for the Northern Pacific over the years. It now houses a restaurant.</p><br>
<p>The Water Street Historic District, in Clifton, Tennessee, is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>It includes about 10 acre of residential properties along Water St. (now Tennessee State Route 128) between Polk and Cedar streets in Clifton. In 1992 it included 14 contributing buildings and two non-contributing ones on eight parcels. The north edge of three of those parcels is formed by the Tennessee River.</p><br>
<p>This historic district is located less than 200 yd from the Clifton Ferry Landing. In 1992 the Clifton Ferry was one of the last eight ferries surviving in Tennessee. The ferry has since closed, apparently.</p><br>
<p>The historic resources in the district were built from about 1870 to 1940; "the remains of late nineteenth and early twentieth century prosperity survive in the domestic architecture of Water Street." This period was the post-Civil War boom period in the town. The district has architecture ranging from Queen Anne style and Minimal Traditional architecture.</p><br>
<h2>T.S. Stribling Museum</h2><br>
<p>The district includes the longtime home of Pulitzer Prize-winning author T.S. Stribling (1881-1965). It is now operated as the T.S. Stribling Museum. It is one of three bungalows in the district, which were all built between 1924 and 1930. The T.S. Stribling House, also known as the Kloss-Stribling House, is a two-story house that was built for T. L. Kloss in 1924. It was later purchased by Stribling.</p><br>
<p>The Security Bank Building, also known as the Security Building, is a historic commercial building at 101 South Main Avenue in downtown Sioux Falls, South Dakota. It was the first steel-framed office building to be built in the state. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 for its architectural design and integrity, as well as for being the site of a bank robbery by the Dillinger Gang in 1934.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>After the beginning of the 20th century, Sioux Falls began to experience a major economic boom. New shops, hotels, offices, and other businesses—many of which were high-rises—were being established at a rapid pace, especially in the downtown area. Contributing to this boom was the success of the Security National Bank in Sioux Falls, which had been founded on July 8, 1890, as the State Banking & Trust Company. It changed its name on June 11, 1912, to the State Bank & Trust Company. It was incorporated as a national bank on July 28, 1914, and the name again changed to Security National Bank of Sioux Falls.</p><br>
<p>By the mid-1910s, the bank had outgrown its original headquarters building and began looking to expand. Security National Bank reached out to Chicago-based architectural firm E. Jackson Casse Company, who designed a six-story steel-frame building that would sit on the corner of Main Avenue and Ninth Street. The proposed location was on the site of an old theater building. Security National and two other banks also occupied this intersection, making Main and Ninth the contemporary financial hub of the city. This new building would not only host the bank but also offices for numerous other businesses. The Security Bank Building was constructed between 1915 and 1916. Construction was delayed due to a steel shortage caused by World War I. Its grand opening was held on January 2, 1917. When completed, it became the first steel-framed office building in South Dakota.</p><br>
<p>In April 1929, the Security National Bank institution was one of several Midwestern banks that merged into the new Northwest Bancorporation of Minneapolis, an organization of 14 banks, five of which were in South Dakota. At the time of the merge, the bank&#39;s assets totalled just under $6,000,000; as the Northwest Bancorporation, all banks had combined assets totalling $168,000,000. On August 31, 1935, the bank was renamed Northwest Security National Bank. At this time, the bank also absorbed five smaller banks across South Dakota, which became branch locations: the Brookings County Bank in Brookings, First National Bank & Trust in Chamberlain, First National Bank in Dell Rapids, National Bank of Huron, and Northwestern National Bank of Madison. Northwest Security National Bank of Sioux Falls later absorbed Northwestern Bank of Gregory in 1936, and the First National Bank of Pukwana and the Corn Exchange Savings Bank in 1937.</p><br>
<h3>1934 Dillinger Gang robbery</h3><br>
<p>Around 9:50 a.m. on the morning of March 6, 1934, six members of the Dillinger Gang, armed with Thompson submachine guns, stormed the bank building and robbed it of $46,000. As the green Packard car approached the bank, several employees had remarked that it looked like a holdup car, and one of them pressed the alarm button. Four of the robbers entered the bank, while two remained outside, firing into the air to warn onlookers. Hale Keith, a policeman who had approached to investigate, was spotted through the windows by George "Baby Face" Nelson, who fired on Keith and then shouted, "I got one!". Keith was seriously wounded but survived. Other police officers who arrived were not adequately prepared to face off against the gang and were quickly captured, rounded up, and made to stand facing the wall. A crowd of 30 hostages was forced to surround the gang in a human shield and walk them out to their getaway car. Five bank employees—Leo Olson, Mildred Bostwick, Emma Knabach, Alice Blegen, and Mary Lucas—were kept as hostages and made to stand on the running board of the car to shield the robbers from police gunfire.</p><br>
<p>The car stopped briefly in front of 211 South Main Avenue, where the gang argued whether or not they should take another car, but they decided against it; they eventually stole two other cars, as their own was by that point too heavily damaged to continue. The gang stopped again on Minnesota Avenue, where Olson was let go and the remaining four hostages were brought into the car. Once the convoy was far outside of town, the remaining hostages were released near Shindler. Despite high tensions and Keiths wounds, no deaths resulted from the robbery. The bank robbers were trailed over several miles by police and airplanes, with several shootouts, but eventually got away. The building itself suffered damage to its windows, door, and exterior from the gunfire. None of the stolen money was ever recovered. The gangs crime spree would come to a halt when John Dillinger was gunned down by the FBI in July 1934; whether or not Dillinger himself was actually at the Sioux Falls robbery remains a point of debate. This robbery was portrayed in the 2009 movie Public Enemies.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Security Bank Building is located on the southwest corner of Main Avenue and Ninth Street. It is six stories tall, standing high, and sits on a concrete foundation. Its frame is crafted from structural steel, and the exterior is clad in Bedford limestone. The E. Jackson Casse Company designed it in the Classical Revival architectural style, which is especially evident with the four large Ionic columns in front of the main entrance and the decorative elements on the building&#39;s cornice and shed roof. Additions were added to the south side of the building in 1951 and 1957.</p><br>
<p>Washington Graded School is a historic school located in Rappahannock County, Virginia. It was constructed around 1923 as a two-teacher school. The building is a "Rosenwald School." Rosenwald schools refer to those buildings constructed for the education of African-American students, with financial support and plans provided by the Rosenwald Fund. Julius Rosenwald, a Chicago philanthropist and president of Sears, Roebuck and Company, along with Booker T. Washington, the principal of Tuskegee Institute, worked with Black communities across the south to build more than 5,000 schools for Black children. Built in 79 localities in Virginia, about half shared the Washington School two-teacher design. The Washington School, which closed in 1963, retains the early look and feel of its rural setting, and exhibits historic integrity of design, workmanship, and materials.</p><br>
<p>Washington School was built in 1924 after the Parents’ Civic League, a local African-American organization, donated land to the school district. Financial contributions to construct the two-teacher school came from the Black community ($1,200), the county ($1,600), and the Julius Rosenwald Fund ($700), which also supplied the building plans, according to the Virginia Department of Historic Resources.</p><br>
<p>The school has been designated as a Virginia Historic Landmark and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in January 2019.</p><br>
<p>The Justus Bissing Jr. Historic District, in Hays, Kansas in Ellis County, Kansas, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The district includes two contributing buildings:</p><br>
<p>the 1920 Justus Bissing Jr. house, Craftsman in style with Prairie School influences, and</p><br>
<p>the c. 1932 Tower Service station, built in a house-type plan with elements of Queen Anne style,</p><br>
<p>both built by Justus Bissing Jr. Mr. Bissing was of a Volga German family which came to Ellis County in 1874, and grew up on a farm north of Catharine, Kansas, which is near Hays.</p><br>
<p>While the corner of Elm Street and West 12th Street would be a more natural location for a gas station, the stately Craftsman home was built by Justus Bissing Jr. at the corner first, in 1920, built of brick and stone and relatively unmoveable. So when the "craftsman, inventor and entrepreneur" chose to build a gas station for his son to operate, on the property, that was placed adjacent, fronting only on West 12th Street. The property was deemed to be significant for National Register listing for its architecture, reflecting "meticulous artistry" in both the interior and exterior of the two-story home.</p><br>
<p>The gas station is the last surviving of several which were built along West 12th.</p><br>
<p>Also in Hays, at 117 W. 13th, there is a Bissing House bed and breakfast, in another home built by Bissing, built in 1909. It was previously The Inn at 117 and the Tea Rose Inn.</p><br>
<p>The Lion Block, at 216 West Main in Ness City, Kansas in Ness County, Kansas, was built in 1887 and includes, in its parapet wall, a lion carved by stonemason Henry Tilley, for which the building is named. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story two-part commercial building. The building shared a party wall, its west wall, with adjacent building which was not nominated for NRHP listing, The two buildings faced south onto the courthouse square which holds the Ness County Courthouse. The front of the Lion Block includes two storefronts with iron framing manufactured by the 1886-founded Capital Iron Works company of Topeka, Kansas.</p><br>
<p>It is Victorian in style with elements of Italianate, such as in its round-topped windows.</p><br>
<p>It was "nominated to the National Register for its architectural significance as a highly decorative and unique Italianate-style commercial building."</p><br>
<p>Among other functions, it served as a meeting house for the local Oddfellows group.</p><br>
<p>The McFarland Block, the adjacent building, survived in 2008.</p><br>
<p>The Lewis Werner Barn, in Kingman County, Kansas near Murdock, Kansas but with mailing address in Pretty Prairie, Kansas in Reno County, Kansas, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.</p><br>
<p>It was built.</p><br>
<p>It is a wood-framed, rectangular gambrel roofed building.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant for its architecture: "The barn is an excellent example with a gambrel roof, designed, planned and built by its original owner. The barn was built on a concrete floor with cottonwood and fir lumber, roofed originally with wood shingles, and sided with five-inch wood lap siding. The gambrel-roof structure meets the registration requirements for the Historic Agriculture-Related Resources of Kansas, historic context. Located on 5-acres within a much larger agricultural property, the Louis Werner barn is over 100 years old and still maintains its historic function and association."</p><br>
<p>It is located at 4550 NE 80th Ave. on a 5 acre homestead plot amidst much larger fields.</p><br>
<p>The Harry Keith Barn near Penokee, Kansas was built in 1940. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<p>It was built in October 1940 by Harry Keith (1893-1961), with his brothers and neighbors.</p><br>
<p>It is built into a hillside with entrances on two levels, thus is a bank barn. It has a gambrel roof with a hay hood at each end.</p><br>
<p>An adjacent 30 ft tall Aeromotor wind pump was installed at the same time. This was probably the Aermotor 702 model which was available from 1933 on, is a contributing structure in the listing. This fills a 4,000 gal water tank.</p><br>
<p>It&#39;s located on M Road east of 200th Avenue in Graham County, Kansas, about 3.5 mi south of the unincorporated community of Penokee.</p><br>
<p>Today, the Kansas Barn Alliance offers tours of the barn during their annual BarnFest celebration.</p><br>
<p>The Oxley Barn, near Quinter in Gove County, Kansas, is a wood-framed barn with a Gambrel roof. It was built in 1911 and expanded later. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>It was built by Benjamin Franklin Oxley upon a concrete foundation.</p><br>
<p>The barn is 54x68 ft in plan, rising to 42 ft and topped by a cupola with one of five lightning rods along the peak of the roof. It was expanded by construction of a lean-to a few years after its original construction in 1911.</p><br>
<p>It has also been known as the Big Red Barn. A black and white photo from the 1930s shows a farmer and horses in front of the large barn.</p><br>
<p>It is located about 1.5 mi northeast of Quinter. It can be seen for miles, including from the Interstate 70.</p><br>
<p>The Miller Farmstead near La Crosse, Kansas in Rush County, Kansas was established in 1880–1881. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>It was established east of La Crosse in 1881.</p><br>
<p>Austrian immigrant Frank Miller and wife Emma homesteaded a 160 acre property under the Homestead Act of 1862 and an additional area of the same size under the Timber Culture Act of 1873. They were required to plant 10 acre of</p><br>
<p>timber which they did.</p><br>
<p>Its cluster of buildings on 4.3 acre was nominated for National Register listing in 2012. For a homestead listing, it was unusual that the farm had so many buildings and structures, 19 in total (11 deemed contributing), as none had ever been removed in the farm&#39;s history. The buildings and structures were varied in their construction, and had exteriors that were stone, wood, hollow clay tile, metal and vinyl.</p><br>
<p>The original house built in 1880-81 and later modified was deemed non-contributing due to addition of non-historic vinyl siding, but it was noted it might later be recognized as contributing if the siding was removed.</p><br>
<p>It is located at 2913 Kansas Highway 4, on the north side of the highway.</p><br>
<p>The Kingman Santa Fe Depot, or Kingman AT&SF Depot, is a former railway station in Kingman, Kansas. It is located at 201 East Sherman Street, which parallels the railroad tracks. The station building was opened in 1910 as a passenger depot for the Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe Railway.</p><br>
<p>The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Mission Revival-style depot building is one story, and of brick construction with an overhanging gabled ceramic tile roof. The structure also has elements of the Prairie and Craftsman style of architecture. It features a covered outdoor waiting room, and two indoor waiting rooms, one for women and the other for men. The main hallway has 14 foot high ceilings that are barrel-arched and supported by interior pilasters.</p><br>
<p>Kansas Memory noted that "the one-story county seat style depot built between 1910-11 features a gabled roof with a operators&#39; bay and an enclosed freight room and a waiting room. At the top of the freight room are the Santa Fe emblems which are commonly associated with a county seat depot." The building is noted as being relatively long, at 120 ft in length.</p><br>
<p>It served as a museum.</p><br>
<p>Dean&#39;s Beauty Salon and Barber Shop is a historic business and commercial building located in the Eliot neighborhood of Portland, Oregon, United States. Organized in 1954 and purpose-built in 1956, it is one of the relatively few Black-owned businesses to survive the upheavals of urban renewal, disinvestment, and gentrification that decimated the Black business district in lower Albina starting in the 1960s. It represents the history of African American entrepreneurship in the Albina area and the importance of the hair care industry in African American culture, and became an important gathering place for the Black community. As of 2021, it is the oldest continuously operated Black-owned business in Oregon.</p><br>
<p>The building was entered on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.</p><br>
<p>Russell Hall is one of the main annex buildings on the campus of North Yarmouth Academy  in Yarmouth, Maine. Completed in 1841, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It stands immediately to the west of Academy Hall at the corner of Main Street and Bridge Street. It is named for the Russell family, who donated the land on which it stands.</p><br>
<p>It was originally built as a dormitory for students for NYA, which was established in 1814.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s façade was formerly topped by a domed Greek Revival belfry, which was removed in 1900. The east and west side walls of the building are identical. The terrain on which it stands slopes away to the north, towards the Royal River, revealing the above-ground brick foundation on the sides and at the rear. Four tall chimneys rise up along each side of the roof.</p><br>
<p>Academy Hall is one of the main annex buildings on the campus of North Yarmouth Academy  in Yarmouth, Maine. Completed in 1848, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It stands immediately to the east of Russell Hall at the corner of Main Street and Bridge Street. The building was originally built for use as a classroom for NYA, which was established in 1814.</p><br>
<p>The original two-storey wooden 1811 NYA school building was removed a few yards to the adjacent Bridge Street. It stood "just below the residence of the late Charles O. Rowe," the father of William Hutchinson Rowe, roughly where number 28 Bridge Street, built in 1860, is today.</p><br>
<p>The south-facing façade of the building is topped by a Greek Revival belvedere. The east and west side walls of the building are identical. The terrain on which it stands slopes away to the north, towards the Royal River, revealing the above-ground brick foundation on the sides and at the rear.</p><br>
<p>The David Back Log House and Farm, is a historic home and associated farm structures located near Blackey in Letcher County, Kentucky, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019. It has also been known as the Bates Log House and Barn.</p><br>
<p>It is a double-pen log house. The first pen was built in 1875 by William Dixon. The original, two story pen is 16 feet by 17 feet; with a stone fireplace of considerable size at one end of the pen. Each story consists of one room. Access to the sleeping loft on the top level is accessed from the exterior of the house via a ladder. The second pen was built in approximately 1895 and was constructed onto the chimney side of the first pen. A second fireplace was then constructed in the newer pen, along with a staircase. Both sides of the structure had a single roof covering both of the pens. Prior to the 1940s, the only access between the two pens was through the exterior of the structure.</p><br>
<p>Dixon&#39;s sister Nancy married David Back, who bought house and farm in 1907. The site was named after David Back. For many years it was home to Mrs. Artie Ann Bates who was the great-granddaughter of Nancy and David Back.</p><br>
<p>The property was considered for listing as a historic site in 2018. It was accepted and listed on the register on April 24, 2019. The listing includes a log house, a smoke house, a corn crib, and a barn built c.1875 of local timber.</p><br>
<p>Its location was not disclosed by the National Register, it is.</p><br>
<p>The Bates Log House, also known as "Bates House", at 5143 Spurr Rd. in Lexington, Kentucky, was built around 1800. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>According to its 1982 National Register nomination, it was deemed significant as:</p><br>
<p>an outstanding example of a log structure especially in that the two wings of the house are also constructed of log. The relatively unaltered state of this building with its asymmetrical composition makes it unique. It was built in three sections, each at a different time, although all in a relatively short span of time. There were very few log structures of this size built in this area, as owners would often abandon their log structures for a new brick building or make additions in other materials other than log. As was the custom, the house was covered in clapboard probably fairly early, which has kept the logs in a good state of repair. The size and the remaining original fabric of this building put it into a singular category within the architectural history of central Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>Its architecture includes elements of Greek Revival (including in its main fireplace&#39;s mantel) and Gothic style.</p><br>
<p>In 1982, it was planned that the structure would be renovated to serve as a guest house.</p><br>
<p>The University of Kentucky holds color transparency/photo images of the house taken by Carolyn Murray-Wooley.</p><br>
<p>The Levin Bates House, in Louisville, Kentucky, also known as the Jacob Johnson House, is a historic I-house. It was built around 1830 at 7300 Bardstown Rd. in the former community of Buechel, Kentucky . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>It is a two-story, brick, I-house, with brick laid in common bond and with brick cornices.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant in part as "an example of late Federal, rural domestic architecture with some details reflecting the transition to the Greek Revival period". It was also deemed significant for association with "the Guthrie family, who settled in the Fern Creek area in the 1780s, and the Johnson and Bates families were in the area by the early 1800s. There are other examples of the Federal I-Style house in Jefferson County, but few in this particular area. Along Bardstown Road, a historic transportation route and a turnpike by 1838, there are only a few significant nineteenth-century structures extant in the Fern Creek Area."</p><br>
<p>Five years after NRHP registration, it was documented as the Jacob Johnson House by the Historic American Buildings Survey, in 1985.</p><br>
<p>It was originally located at 7300 Bardstown Rd., but was relocated to 10005 Wingfield Road to make way for the construction of Interstate 265</p><br>
<p>The Ramova Theater is a historic movie theater at 3508-3518 South Halsted Street in the Bridgeport neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Businessman Jokūbas Maskoliūnas, one of the many Lithuanian immigrants who settled in Bridgeport in the early twentieth century, built the theater in 1929. The theater opened with 1,300 seats, making it the largest in the neighborhood, and was built with a commercial block and apartments in the same building. Its name, which was chosen by the winner of a local newspaper contest, means "peaceful place" or "serene place" in Lithuanian. Architect Myer O. Nathan designed the building as an atmospheric theater, a style of theater meant to transplant audiences to a distant place or time; in the case of the Ramova, its interior used false fronts and balconies to resemble a Spanish courtyard. Nathan&#39;s design included elements of Neoclassical and Spanish Revival architecture, such as extensive terra cotta ornamentation, a frieze spanning the length of the building, and plaster detailing on the interior.</p><br>
<p>In 2001, the City of Chicago purchased the building and funded roof repairs. The theater was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 2021. Landmarks Illinois named the theater one of four recipients of the 2024 Richard H. Driehaus Foundation Preservation Awards.</p><br>
<p>Tyler Nevius purchased the Ramova and an adjacent lot from the City of Chicago for $1 in 2017. Together with 55 partners and 49 investors, including Chicago natives Quincy Jones, Jennifer Hudson and Chance the Rapper, he undertook an extensive renovation, resulting in a live music space along with a craft brewery and a restaurant and beer garden, that held a grand reopening event on December 31, 2023.</p><br>
<p>The Fairview Sanatorium is a former tuberculosis sanatorium at 905 North Main Street in Normal, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Local architect Arthur L. Pillsbury designed the Colonial Revival building. It contains two floors in a W-shape. The hipped roof was originally shingled in clay tile.</p><br>
<p>As sunlight and fresh air were thought to be the best treatments for tuberculosis at the time, the rooms at the sanatorium featured large windows that were kept open for much of the year.</p><br>
<p>The interior contains original terrazzo flooring, wainscoting, and water fountain surrounds. It also contains built-in wood cabinets.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>McLean County built the sanatorium in 1919 following a public referendum and a decade-long campaign by the McLean County Anti-Tuberculosis Society. The latter organization was spearheaded by Florence Fifer Bohrer, who was also the sanatorium&#39;s first secretary and went on to become the first woman elected to the Illinois Senate.</p><br>
<p>The supervisory committee purchased 40 acres in March 1917 for $15,000. The Fairview Sanatorium was completed in the summer of 1919. A dedication service took place on August 17, 1919 and the first patients were admitted two days later. The initial capacity was 34 patients.</p><br>
<p>During the 1920s, a separate cottage was built in the back, for the purpose of racially segregating patients. In 1922, a nurses&#39; home was built on the second floor, increasing capacity to 52 patients.</p><br>
<p>In 1929, an x-ray machine was installed. In 1952 to 1953, 4,914 x-rays were taken.</p><br>
<p>In addition to housing up to 80 patients at a time, the sanatorium also served as the center of the countys public health campaign against tuberculosis, which included case tracking and public education. Improved treatments for tuberculosis gradually reduced the sanatoriums patient population over the following decades. When the sanitorium was opened, the death rate was 118 per 100,000; in 1933, the death rate was 34 and in 1952, the death rate was 8.</p><br>
<p>Fairview closed as a tuberculosis facility in 1965.</p><br>
<p>The building was used by the McLean County Health Department until the department moved downtown in the 1990s; the building was closed in 2012. It has since been used a storage site for records.</p><br>
<p>The county board debated razing the structure in 2017. Developers have proposed renovating the building into affordable housing.</p><br>
<p>The sanatorium was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 21, 2021.</p><br>
<p>The Pope Brace Company Building is a historic industrial building at 197 South West Avenue in Kankakee, Illinois. The building was constructed in 1922 for the Paramount Knitting Company, which was founded in Kankakee in 1893 by Henry Pope Sr. It originally housed the Paramount Textile Machinery Company, a subsidiary of the knitting company which manufactured and fixed its machinery, and the experimental division of Bear Brand Hosiery, its most popular product line. After Popes daughter Margaret was diagnosed with polio, he established the Pope Brace Company to develop an improved leg brace for her and other polio patients, and it conducted its research in the building. The company developed the Klenzak brace, which was named for machinist John Klenzak; its use of hollow steel made it both lighter and more affordable. Popes work introduced him to future USA President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1926, whose physician team convinced him to explore hydrotherapy treatments for polio. This led to the company building the Hubbard Tank, a mass-produced hydrotherapy tank named for engineer Carl Hubbard. The company continued to manufacture these devices and other medical equipment in the building until 1979, when their operations were moved to South Carolina.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 1, 2021.</p><br>
<p>Oakland Cemetery is a historic cemetery at 1007 North Main Street in Princeton, Illinois. The cemetery originated in 1836, five years after Princeton&#39;s founding, and was originally owned by Reverend Lucien Farnham as a burial ground for members of the Hampshire Colony Congregational Church. The city of Princeton leased the burial ground from the church in 1862 and bought a large plot of adjacent land, and by the next year they had combined the two plots and named them Oakland Cemetery after the oak trees there. Landscape architect L.L. Herron and surveyor Romanus Hodgman planned the grounds as a garden cemetery, a park-like style of cemetery which had become popular in the eastern United States at the time. The cemetery included a public picnic area, carriage paths, and a Gothic Revival office building. Many of the graves in the cemetery feature large, artistic monuments, including obelisks made from white bronze, statues of angels or the deceased, stone tree trunks, and Art Deco box tombs. The largest monument in the cemetery marks the grave of pioneer and local historian Nehemiah Matson; it is 34 feet tall and made of 44 tons of granite, and it cost $4,600 when it was built in 1884.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 1, 2021, as the Oakland Cemetery Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Colonel George H. Paddock House is a historic house at 906 South Main Street in Princeton, Illinois. Built in 1903, the house was designed with elements of the Queen Anne and Neoclassical styles. As is typical of Queen Anne buildings, the house has an asymmetrical shape with a complex cross-gabled roof. The front of the house features a wraparound porch supported by Doric columns. The house&#39;s windows include both stained glass windows and projecting bay windows typical of the Queen Anne style and pedimented triple windows typical of Neoclassical architecture.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 17, 2021.</p><br>
<p>The International Harvester Showroom and Warehouse is a historic building at 6-12 North River Street in Aurora, Illinois. The building served as a dealership for farming equipment company International Harvester, which was headquartered nearby in Chicago, in the early twentieth century. While the buildings construction date is unclear, it was built before 1901, and International Harvester first occupied it in 1905. The building was one of 99 independently run International Harvester dealerships in the United States and Canada in the 1900s, and in 1905 it was among the companys top ten dealers in sales. The building is technically made up of two conjoined buildings with mirrored floor plans; each building has a cast iron store front, and their open floor plans and tall floors were ideal for holding large equipment. In 1912, International Harvester relocated their dealership to a larger building at 251 South River Street.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 31, 2022.</p><br>
<p>The F. S. Baird Machine Shop, located at 632 East Adams Street between North 6th and North 7th Streets in downtown Phoenix, Arizona, is part of Heritage Square, a collection of historic buildings dating from the city&#39;s earliest days. It was built in 1928 by Kathryn Baird, who opened a machine shop there with her son Arthur in 1929. After Arthur left the business in 1931, George W. Wilson operated a machine shop business in the building until 1933, followed by various other owners until 1941. Between 1947 and 1964, a variety of industrial shops occupied the space. In 1978, the city of Phoenix purchased the vacant building to add it to Heritage Square, which is anchored by the nearby Rosson House. It is currently the site of a pizza restaurant.</p><br>
<p>The one-bay building has a pitched truss roof with stepped parapet eaves, segmented arch double-hung wood windows and a double-hung entrance in the center. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>Cedar Grove Iron Furnace is a disused 19th century double-stack iron ore furnace located in Perry County, Tennessee. Sources differ on its construction date, but it was probably built between 1832 and 1834 near the mouth of Cedar Creek on the Tennessee River by William Dixon.</p><br>
<p>The furnace was one of the earliest steam-powered industrial sites in the region, a fact especially notable considering its isolation from any major population center. It utilized hot blast Scottish smelting techniques that had only recently been developed, and was able to produce over 1,400 tons of pig iron annually. The furnace operated until February, 1862 when it was shelled by Union gunboats USS Conestoga, USS Tyler, and USS Lexington.</p><br>
<p>Cedar Grove Iron Furnace is the only remaining double-stack charcoal furnace in Tennessee. It is constructed of local hand-carved limestone, stands 30 feet all, and measures 31 feet by 52 feet at the base. Most of the iron ore processed by the furnace was mined nearby in the area of Marsh Creek and was transported by mule-drawn carts for processing at the furnace. Smelted pig-iron would then be loaded onto river boats at the nearby landing on the Tennessee River.</p><br>
<p>The McKee Button Company is a historic building in Muscatine, Iowa, United States. The city was known as the Pearl Button Capital of the World because of the numerous firms that produced the buttons here through the 1960s. The Peerless Button Company was established by James McKee and his brother-in-law William Bliven in 1895. Two years later the company&#39;s name was changed to the McKee and Bliven Button Company. They built this building in 1907.</p><br>
<p>In March of 2022, Kent Corporation announced that they would begin transforming the McKee building into offices while focusing on preserving the building&#39;s history. They estimated the project would be complete in the spring of 2024.</p><br>
<p>The Metz Manufacturing Company is a historic building in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. The company was established as Hagge and Metz by John Hagge and Louis Metz in 1898. They were a planing mill that produced sashes, doors, blinds, frames, moldings, and stair work for large private and public buildings. The company name was changed to Metz Manufacturing in 1902. The following year they moved to this building. The three-story brick structure built over a raised stone basement was constructed sometime before 1900. It was acquired by Metx LLC in 2017 and renovated into an office building with the first tenant moving in in 2019. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.</p><br>
<p>The Elmwood-The Oaks-The Birches, also known as the Grand Trees Apartments, are three historic buildings located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The local architectural firm of Vorse, Kraetsch & Kraetsch designed three-story brick structures that were built in 1923. The buildings, which together contain 93 units, are connected by courtyards and stone archways. Above the main entrances are imprints of the trees&#39; leaves - elm, oak, and birch - in the stonework. Parking lots for the apartments are located behind the buildings. A $16.9 million historic renovation was begun in 2021 and will include adding elevators, which the buildings did not have. The buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.</p><br>
<p>The historic building located at 515 North Washington Street in Alexandria, Virginia, United States, has been used as a cotton mill, prison, factory, office space, and apartments. It was built by the Mount Vernon Manufacturing Company in 1848 in present-day Old Town Alexandria. After the original owners were unsuccessful with their cotton mill business venture, the building was sold in 1855. After a renovation, the new owner was able to operate a successful business, but his success was cut short after the Civil War began. The building was one of many local businesses that the Union Army seized after it entered Alexandria. After briefly serving as a hospital and warehouse, the mill was repurposed and renamed the Washington Street Military Prison, the largest of the five Civil War prisons in the city. Rufus Dudley Pettit was named warden in 1864 and he was responsible for widespread abuse and sadistic behavior towards prisoners.</p><br>
<p>After the war the building briefly reverted to operating as a cotton mill, but after that business venture failed, it was sold and sat empty until 1902 when Robert Portner and his Portner Brewing Company purchased the property. The building operated as a bottling plant until Virginia passed Prohibition legislation, resulting in the plant&#39;s closure. It was purchased by the Express Spark Plug Company which made spark plugs there until it went out of business in 1928. The building was converted into the Belle Haven Apartment House in the 1930s and it remained in residential use until 1981, when it was renovated and became office space. The building was the headquarters for the International Association of Chiefs of Police from 1992 until 2014, when the property once again underwent a renovation. Since the building is a contributing property to the Alexandria Historic District, the project underwent a review by historic preservation organizations. The property was converted into The Mill, a 25-unit apartment building featuring original architectural details and an adjoining park.</p><br>
<p>An interesting feature of the building is that a mannequin nicknamed Oscar is perched in the cupola. There are a few rumors as to Oscar&#39;s origin, but the most likely story is that it was brought into the building sometime around 1920. The other rumors are that it was placed there by local police after an employee was brutally murdered on the property in 1854 or that prison guards would use it as a stand-in when they would go on breaks. Oscar is treated as an historical part of the building and during the most recent renovation, it was carefully preserved.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Original owners and construction</h3><br>
<p>In 1847 a group of businessmen formed the Mount Vernon Manufacturing Company in Alexandria, Virginia. On April 19 of that year the company purchased a one acre (0.4 ha) lot on the east side of North Washington Street between Oronoco and Pendleton Streets. Construction of a five-story brick building measuring 110 feet (33.5 m) by 50 feet (15.2 m) topped with a cupola and several outbuildings was completed the following year. The building became Alexandria&#39;s first cotton mill, employing around 150 people, mostly women, who worked 11 hours a day and earned between $12-$17 a month. It featured two 30-horsepower steam engines which powered 3,840 spindles and 124 looms.</p><br>
<p>The mill was not a successful business venture and in March 1852, the group chose to lease the building to another company starting that August. A tragic event that took place at the property occurred on July 21, 1854, when night watchman Michael Kiggin was found brutally murdered. Despite two people being arrested and mill owners offering a $200 reward, the suspects were later released and no one was ever convicted of the crime. Later that year a fire broke out in the factory when a sack of cotton was placed near a gas lamp. The fire was quickly extinguished and the business reopened a few days later.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s owners decided to sell the property in 1855 for $26,000, which included the factory, a picking house, engine house, waste house, and a brick office. Three years later the new owners sold the property to Philadelphia businessman John Rosencrantz for $35,000. Following a renovation, the factory reopened and the business was successful for the next several years, with around 5,000 yards (4,572 m) of cotton sheeting being produced each day.</p><br>
<h3>Civil War</h3><br>
<p>During the Civil War Virginia voted to secede from the Union in April 1861. The following month on May 24, the Union Army entered Alexandria, which is situated a few miles south of Washington, D.C., in order to prevent an attack on the capital and to launch attacks further south. Many residents who were loyal to the Confederacy fled Alexandria and some local businesses were seized by Union troops. Since the cotton mill was a rather large building, it was one of the buildings seized and requisitioned.</p><br>
<p>The Union Army repurposed the mill into a hospital, warehouse, and later a prison, and renamed the building the Washington Street Military Prison. In addition to Confederate prisoners of war, the Washington Street Military Prison also held deserters from the Union Army. The building was painted white and a fence was added around the perimeter. During the war up to 1,500 prisoners would be housed on the property at any given time.</p><br>
<p>In its early history prisoners at Washington Street Military Prison were treated humanely and had access to adequate food and clothing. This changed when Captain Rufus Dudley Pettit took command of Alexandrias military prisons. Pettit had served in the Union Army beginning in 1861, fighting in major battles including several in the Peninsula campaign, as well as the Battle of Antietam and Battle of Fredericksburg, but had to resign from active duty for health reasons. After Pettit began overseeing the citys prisons, he gained a reputation as being cruel and sadistic towards the prisoners. He directed that prisoners be handcuffed behind their backs and hung from the ceiling, or handcuffed by their wrists and left hanging outside for 12 hours at a time, where they would be exposed to rain or extreme temperatures. Prisoners were often beaten and left with broken bones. Pettit would sometimes stand outside the building and shoot at prisoners who tried looking out one of the windows.</p><br>
<p>After the war Pettits reputation for cruelty drew the attention of his superiors and he was court-martialed in November 1865. Pettit was convicted of inhumane treatment of prisoners and dishonorably discharged from the Army. He moved to New York where he later practiced law. Pettits papers during his time as the prison warden have been preserved and are available at the Alexandria Library.</p><br>
<h3>Later industrial use</h3><br>
<p>In 1866 businessman Abijah Thomas purchased the building and attempted to revive the cotton mills pre-war success. Unfortunately for Thomas, the business did not succeed and two of his creditors, Turnbull Baxter & Co. and the First National Bank of Alexandria, ended up suing each other. Their case made its way to the United States Supreme Court which ruled their suit should be resolved by a lower court instead. The property was purchased for $33,000 by Baltimore businessman Robert Garrett in 1877, but he closed it to prevent the mill from being a competitor to his business in Maryland. The building sat empty until 1900 when Garretts heirs sold it to another Baltimore businessman, Henry Chipman, for $12,000. Two years later the property was put up for public auction where the winning bid was made by Harry and John Aitcheson on behalf of the Robert Portner Corporation, owned by Robert Portner.</p><br>
<p>For the next 14 years the building operated as a bottling plant for the Portner Brewing Company. After Virginia passed Prohibition legislation in 1916, the plant closed. After the factory closed the building was used by the United States Department of Agriculture during the early years of the Great Depression.</p><br>
<h3>Residential use</h3><br>
<p>In 1935 the building was converted for residential use, becoming the Belle Haven Apartment House, and a portico with Corinthian columns was added to the entrance. It was around this time a mannequin nicknamed Oscar that had been displayed in a second-floor window for several years first gained media attention. A reporter for American Motorist magazine wanted to know the history of the mannequin and through his research, was told a few possibilities of its origin. The most likely origin is that it had been placed there sometime around 1920 by the Bureau of Fisheries to advertise angling. One of the spark plug factory workers told the reporter "We used to keep it back here at the end of this room. It looked so natural and lifelike we would play practical jokes with it." Another rumor as to when the mannequin arrived is that during the Civil War a prison guard would place it in the cupola when he would go on break. The more well-known rumor to its origin is that local police placed the mannequin in the cupola as a way to trick the person or persons responsible for the 1854 murder of Michael Kiggin to return to the building. According to the rumor, police wanted them to believe the victim had survived, in hopes they would return to kill him and ultimately be arrested. At one point in the 1930s Oscar was stolen by pranksters and later found hanging from the Taft Bridge in Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>The Belle Haven Apartment House was converted into office space in 1981. One of the tenants, realtor Bud Jordan, found Oscar in the attic. He dressed it in one of his suits and placed it beside a lamp in the cupola. He later told a reporter "People used to stop and come into the office and say, you know theres a guy up there and he doesnt seem to be moving? I know that&#39;s my suit and tie and hat that we dressed him in. Real estate was down at the time because we had nothing better to do."</p><br>
<p>In 1992 the International Association of Chiefs of Police paid $3.1 million for the property and it served as their headquarters until 2014. During that time the cupola glass was repaired and Oscar was briefly removed from its perch. The renovation of a historical building and contributing property to the Alexandria Historic District required approval from multiple organizations, including the Upper Old Town Design Advisory Committee, Alexandria Board of Architectural Review, and the National Park Service. There is an adjoining park and an event space on the top floor with views of Old Town Alexandria and the Potomac River.</p><br>
<p>CAS Riegler selected the Cooper Carry architectural firm to design the renovation project and the firm was told to treat Oscar with care. One of the architects working on the project, Brandon Lenk, said "The best way to put it is it was treated as though it was a historical aspect of the building." Lenk also noted Oscar was missing a leg and wearing faded clothing.</p><br>
<p>The Hotel Magma, is a historic hotel located at 100-130 Main Street between North Magma Avenue and Magma Alley in Superior, Arizona. The hotels initial structure is a two-store reinforced concrete building at 100 Main Street. An adobe addition was built in 1916 but collapsed in 2007. In 1923 a brick addition, labelled "Macphersons Hotel Magma" was constructed by John Davey at 130 Main Street. All three structures were designed in the Mission Revival style</p><br>
<p>The hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994 under the name "Magma Hotel". It closed in 1992 and reopened after restoration and renovation in 2019.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1902, Canadian John McPherson came to Superior from nearby Globe to make his fortune in the booming mining town. He purchased four lots in Block 12 in 1912, and began to build the Magma Hotel, using reinforced concrete, one of its earliest uses for a commercial building in Arizona. McPherson got the idea to use concrete from its use to rebuild the town of Ray, Arizona after a devastating fire. At the time, the vast majority of structures in Superior were made of wood; the hotel was the first concrete building in town, although others were constructed throughout the Superior&#39;s building boom, which lasted until 1917.</p><br>
<p>In 1917, an integrated Delco Light system was installed in the hotel, the first in Superior, consisting of a gas-powered electric generator and mulltiple batteries. It had the capacity of operating 47-62 lights, depending on the system.</p><br>
<p>The 1923 brick addition was constructed with bricks made locally in the Superior area; the contractor was John Davey, a prominent local architect and builder. At the time of its construction, the 1923 addition was seen as one of the finest examples of Davey&#39;s work. The 1912 and 1923 buildings have a concrete foundation, while the 1916 adobe addition sat on wood blocks and jacks which sat on bare earth.</p><br>
<p>One of the building&#39;s primary interior features is a grand staircase from the lobby to the second floor. The hotel was utilized as both a boarding house and a hotel, it later offered professional offices to attorneys, realtors, and insurance agents. The building had a restaurant, the Magma Cafe, which in 1918 was leased by O. C. Hing, a drug store in the East Wing. and a barbershow. In the 1920s, a screened-in sleeping porch for men was added, used seasonally by miners in the boom town, and a phone booth was installed in the lobby. The hotel was also a stop on the Greyhound Bus Phoenix–Ray–Superior Stage Line.</p><br>
<p>John McPherson retired from managing the hotel in 1944, and his wife hired a professional manager. Upon her death in 1962, the hotel passed to Frank and Erma Sarver, and then to Soho Chun and Daisy Wing, who ran from 1967 to 1980. The hotel ceased operation in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 19, 1994.</p><br>
<p>When the building began to decline, the once elegant lobby was used by the local food bank as a storage and distribution center. At that time, the restaurant was called La Esquina.</p><br>
<p>On December 7, 2007, the front wall of the 1916 adobe addition partially collapsed, and continued to deteriorate over the next few months. The town of Superior declared a state of emergency and demolished and removed the adobe addition, leaving only the original 1912 concrete building and the brick addition from 1923. The ton foreclosed on the hotel in 2010, placing a lien of $164,000 against it, the cost of the town&#39;s demolition of the adobe addition.</p><br>
<p>Despite the terrible condition of the buildings interior, which had been vandalized by transients, the Magma Hotel was purchased in 2010 by Chilean Miguel A. Sfeirs company Los Cedros Superior. Because of its historic status, the hotel had to be restored as well as renovated. More than 300 photographs were taken to help determine if this was possible.</p><br>
<p>The boutique "Historic Hotel Magma" which emerged from this process has 21 rooms &ndash; 6 in the original building and 15 in the brick addition, a restaurant which seats 40 people, a wrap-around veranda on the second floor &ndash; the old sleeping porch &ndash; and a tea room and bar with a tiny stage, 10 tables, and an ornate bar from the film John Wick Chapter 2. It also features a landscaped courtyard and a rooftop patio. The hotel opened to the public in 2019.</p><br>
<h2>In popular culture</h2><br>
<p>The Magma Hotel was the site of filming for scenes in Oliver Stone&#39;s film U Turn. It also appeared in the fantasy action film The Prophecy II (1998).</p><br>
<p>The South Royalton Railroad Station is a former train station in the community of South Royalton, Vermont. The 1886 station building still stands, used as a local bank branch of Bar Harbor Bank & Trust. It is a contributing property to the South Royalton Historic District, on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Attributes</h2><br>
<p>The building has a first floor made of brick with horseshoe-shaped colored windows at either end and flared wraparound roofing. Above this is a half-story with overlapping patterned wood shingles, topped with a large slate roof with gables. The gables are decorated with Eastlake bargeboards.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The site was first developed in 1849–50, during the construction of the Vermont Central Railroad. Local mill owner Daniel Tarbell decided to construct a freight and passenger depot at the site, instead of at what was then the center of town. The resulting railway village was mostly Greek Revival in style. A fire in 1886 destroyed much of the village, although the old station remained. The village park was expanded, new stores were built, and the new station building was completed, with the former building becoming a freight station.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1886, designed by George H. Guernsey, who designed the nearby Debevoise Hall at the Vermont Law School and other town buildings following a large fire that year. The building later became a branch of the Randolph National Bank, which was purchased by Lake Sunapee Bank in 2016. In 2017, Bar Harbor Bank & Trust purchased Sunapee, and so the bank is owned and operated by Bar Harbor.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Stevens House at 21 S. Riverview Heights in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, was built in 1926 for local physician George Stevens and his wife Nelle. It is located directly facing the Sioux Falls Veterans Hospital.</p><br>
<p>The Italian Renaissance architectural style home was designed by local architect Robert Perkins, of Perkins and McWayne. This particular style of architecture was popular in the United States during the late 19th century-early 20th century.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnehaha County, South Dakota in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Debevoise Hall is the main academic building of the Vermont Law School, in South Royalton, Vermont. The Queen Anne-style structure was built in 1892 as Royaltons schoolhouse, and became the law schools first building in 1973. The building contributes to the South Royalton Historic District, on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Attributes</h2><br>
<p>The original building is designed in the Queen Anne style. It has a wood frame, 2.5 stories, clapboard siding, and a brick foundation. The southeast corner of the building is topped with an ornate eight-sided belfry. The building was likely designed by George H. Guernsey, who designed the South Royalton business block.</p><br>
<p>The school building is a contributing part of the South Royalton Historic District, on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The oldest building on the campus, it was originally the town&#39;s schoolhouse, built in 1892, with an addition constructed in 1911. In 1973, it became the original Vermont Law School building. In 2005, the building was renovated and renamed Debevoise Hall, after the second dean of the Law School, Thomas M. Debevoise, who served as dean from 1974 to 1982.</p><br>
<p>Practicing what it preaches, the Law School emphasized environmental concerns in the renovation, as well as historical preservation and design efficiency. Debevoise Hall was the only LEED Silver Certified renovation building project in the state of Vermont.</p><br>
<p>Debevoise Hall continues to serve as classroom space and now also houses administration offices, the Environmental Law Center, and the Yates Common Room.</p><br>
<p>The Buckhorn Baths Motel at 5900 East Main Street at the corner of North Recker Road in Mesa, Arizona was a small mineral hot springs resort which offered a bathhouse as well as both cottages and motel rooms for overnight stays. Beginning in 1936 as a gas station and store, Ted and Alice Sliger developed the property into a resort complex which opened in 1939 and was virtually complete as of 1947. It continued to operate until 1999, when the bathhouse closed, although the motel and "Wildlife Museum" continued until 2004.</p><br>
<p>Although built over the course of more than a decade, the buildings are all designed in the Pueblo Revival style. The majority of the complex &ndash; but not buildings on the adjoining parcel of land to the west, also owned by the Singers and integrated into the resort complex &ndash; was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1936, Ted Sligers store and lunch counter in Mesa, "Desert Wells", burned down, destroying his collection of taxidermy, except for one buckhorn deer, which was on loan. He and his wife, Alice, bought a 10 acre property in the open desert seven miles (11.27 km)outside of Mesa &ndash; they would eventually add parcels of land to the west and north &ndash; bought a house from a neighbor and had it moved to the property. The constructed a store from bricks scavenged from a demolished Mesa school, from which they sold gasoline and a variety of products, including groceries, hunting and fishing licenses, fishing tackle, and Native American jewelry and rugs. In 1938 they expanded the store in order to display Teds taxidermy work &ndash; a service he provided to hunters and fisherman; this would evolve into a "Wildlife Museum" with over 400 specimens. Because they had to haul in all of their drinking water, in 1939 the Sligers sunk a well, but the water they struck was 112°F (44.4 °C) mineral water. To exploit their new find, they build a bathhouse with the capacity of 75 people, and cottages to accommodate those who wished to stay overnight. They named their business "Buckhorn", after the one piece of Ted&#39;s taxidermy which had been saved from the fire.</p><br>
<p>The road which run along the Sligers property &ndash; now Mesas East Main Street &ndash; was both the principle commercial street in the city of Mesa, but also the most import tourist road in the Salt River Valley. It connected Phoenix with such recreational and tourist areas as the lakes on the dammed Salt River, the Superstition Mountains, the Apache Trail and the small mining towns to the east, such as Superior, Miami and Globe. Thus the new resort was well-placed to attract visitors at a time when automobile tourism was increasing after the end of the Depression, and automobile tourist facilities were becoming increasing visible on the landscape &ndash; by 1939, when the Buckhorn opened, there were 13,000 such "motor courts" in the USA These would soon develop into the more sophisticated "motel", a motor court with some of the amenities of a hotel.</p><br>
<p>At the time, mineral spring were very popular in the USA due to their supposedly curative value, and to the social status which came from "taking the waters" at many of the spas. In the desert west, especially, where people came to take advantage of the hot dry climate in tending to their respiratory problems, such as asthma and tuberculosis, the appeal of such mineral water treatments was a natural fit. The sliger&#39;s advertised their resort in 1950 as "beneficial in the treatment of arthritis, neuritis, neuralgia, gout, anemia, sciatic, overweight, underweight, high blood pressure, nicotine poisoning, blood and skin diseases, kidney, bladder and liver troubles, chronically nervous and exhausted, inflammatory rheumatism, stomach disorders rehabilitation following: strokes, polio, fratures. Also good for muscle toning and reconditioning."</p><br>
<p>Between 1940 and 1947, the Sligers improved and extended their asset, expanding the bathhouse &ndash; which, because it was built in stages, is irregular and sprawling in plan &ndash; building the motel, and adding commercial space to the Main Street building. They closed the gas station, removed the porte-cochere which had sheltered the gas pumps, and added the large sandstone-supported neon sign which advertised the "Buckhorn Hot Mineral Baths Motel". Sometime during World War II, additional double cottages were moved to the property west of the original site and integrated into the resort. The motel became a Greyhound bus depot in 1942, and in 1947 the New York Giants baseball selected the Buckhorn for their base of operations during spring training. The bus depot closed in 1972, the same year that the Giants moved to a hotel in Casa Grande.</p><br>
<p>Although from Main Street, the front structure appears to be one building, in large part it is a collection of individual buildings. The office/owner&#39;s residence and the museum/lobby share a common wall but the roof of each is different. The post office and the store office are completely separate buildings, with walkways between the which provide access from the front parking lot to the interior of the complex. However all of these units share an arcade and parapet and, most importantly, their Pueblo Revival design. The use of mortared stones and metates (Indian grindstones) to build walls and other decorative objects on the grounds is another unifying factor.</p><br>
<p>At its peak, 100 guests could stay at the Buckhorn, which offered a cafe and dining room, a gift shop, a beauty salon, a taxidermy museum &ndash; which also displayed Native American relics and served as a lobby and television room, a cactus garden, and a post office &ndash; contracted in 1956 and closed in 1983. The motel offered amenities such as an 18-hole desert golf course, fireplace/barbecue area and a shuffleboard court, and the grounds featured manicured lawns, palm trees and other foliage, and decorative pools and fountains. Four additional wells were dug, and by 1974 the bathhouse had separate entrances for men and women and 27 private baths, as well as whirlpool baths, massage and cooling rooms, and a facility for "colon therapy". The resort employed white-uniformed trained masseurs and masseuses, physical therapists and nurses. The mineral water in the baths was 106°F (41 °C).</p><br>
<p>Throughout the development of the Buckhorn Baths complex, the city of Mesa was expanding, and in 1974, the motel became part of the city. After the death of Ted Sliger in 1984, Alice Sliger continued to run the resort. The baths closed in 1999, and the motel and museum in 2004. Some of the motel units continued to be occupied as apartments.</p><br>
<h2>Recent</h2><br>
<p>In 2012, the voters of Mesa passed a $70 million parks bond issue, which included $5 million for the purchase and renovation of the Buckhorn property by the city, however the sale never took place, falling through in 2015 due to disagreements among the Sliger family, who still owned the property at that time.</p><br>
<p>The Sligers sold the 15,62 acre property in 2017 to the McHenry Family Trust, doing business as Avenue Shoppes LLC, for $2.15 million. It was to be developed by Cameron Cooke of Urban Fabric Builders, who said their watchwords would be "deconstruct not demolish" and that they would " to protect the historically significant elements of the site." The Mesa Preservation Foundation had previously estimated that a full restoration could cost as much as $10 million, including the cost of buying the property. The mineral water continues to be available to flow, but new pipes would be required, as the old one were cast iron. In 2019 the new owners donated the taxidermy collection to a biodiversity group at Arizona State University. The School of Life Sciences&#39; Natural History Collection catalogued over 300 of the more than 400 specimens, and will attempt to donate the rest to other organizations.</p><br>
<p>In 2021 it was report that there was the possibility that a boutique hotel would open in the Buckhorn buildings. Ajay Verma, who bought the property after it fell into receivership, had not filed any formal plans, but the report said that the project was planned to be financed by the demolition of some parts of the complex to make way for building at least 200 1,300 ft&sup2; three-bedroom townhouses with two-car garages. Mesa architect Tim Boyle is point-person for the project, and he brought in another architect who specializes in historic preservation, Ron Peters, also from Mesa.</p><br>
